Journal: Journal of Virology
Article Title: Air-liquid interface model for influenza aerosol exposure in vitro
doi: 10.1128/jvi.00619-25
Figure Lengend Snippet: Characterization and FLUAV replication in differentiated BCi-NS1.1 cells. BCi-NS1.1 cells were cultured under ALI conditions for 17 days. ( A ) Paraffin-embedded cross sections of BCi-NS1.1 cells prior to ALI conditions (left) and after 17 days in ALI (right) with H&E staining. Images were captured at 40× magnification. ( B ) Paraffin-embedded cross sections of ALI cultured BCi-NS1.1 cells stained by immunofluorescence with KRT5 (basal cell marker; green), DAPI (cell nuclei; blue), and β-tubulin I and II (ciliated cell marker; red). Images were captured using a Nikon confocal microscope with NIS Elements software at 40× (left) and 60× (right). ( C ) ALI cultured BCi-NS1.1 cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained for β-tubulin I and II (ciliated cell marker; red), CC16 (club cell marker; red), MUC5AC (mucin marker), TFF3 (goblet cell marker), actin (green), and DAPI (cell nuclei; blue). Each panel with separate staining from the same column was merged in the last row. Images were captured using a Nikon confocal microscope with NIS Elements software at 60×. ( D ) ALI-cultured BCi-NS1.1 cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained for ⍺2,3- (red) and ⍺2,6- (green) SA distribution. Integrated density was calculated from fluorescent confocal images using ImageJ and divided by the number of nuclei. Statistical analysis was performed using a paired t -test and analyzed in triplicates. ( E ) ALI-cultured BCi-NS1.1 cells were infected with 1 MOI of H1N1, H3N2, and H9N2. Samples were collected from the apical part of the trans-wells at 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h post-infection. The samples were titrated by TCID 50 . Viruses are distinguished by differences in color. Experiments were carried out independently at least twice, each time in triplicate.
Article Snippet: The samples were then stained with the following primary antibodies: KRT5 (basal cell; 2 μg/mL; HPA059479; Millipore Sigma, MA, USA), beta-tubulin I and II (cilia; 1/800; T8535, Sigma-Aldrich, MO, USA), CC16 (Club cell; 2 μg/mL; RD181022220-01; BioVendor, NC, USA), MUC5AC (M1 mucin; 2 μg/mL; MA5-12178, ThermoFisher, MA, USA), and TFF3 (goblet cell; 2 μg/mL; HPA035464; Millipore Sigma, MA, USA) for 1 h at room temperature.
Techniques: Cell Culture, Staining, Immunofluorescence, Marker, Microscopy, Software, Infection